Microplastics

The Global Atmospheric Plastics Survey (GAPS) is the first of its kind in size, scope and diversity to identify one of the biggest problems facing the 21st century – atmospheric plastic pollution.

As plastics break down, they travel up in the atmosphere where they become easily inhaled, causing potential health risks. Micro- and nano- plastics are tiny pieces of plastic found in the air, blood, organs, and tissues of humans.

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While plastic production has increased dramatically, only 9% is recycled.

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What is GAPS?

GAPS is the first Global Atmospheric Plastics Survey of its kind in size, scope and diversity led by Dr. Al Gill, FRGS, Vanessa O’Brien, FRGS and Robin Milner.
By engaging academics, mountaineers, polar explorers and the military planning expeditions to glaciers, GAPS has been able to procure a low-cost sampling channel.
Expeditions that are chosen to participate in GAPS learn sampling protocol, receive and return samples, and thus can give their own expeditions a higher sense of purpose.
The surface snow of glaciers represent an ideal sampling position.

Dr. Al Gill, FRGS
Expedition Leader

Former theoretical physicist and army reservist working in venture capital with clients in North America, the MENA, Japan and across Europe. He led the proof-of-concept expedition which found microplastic in the European Alps.

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Vanessa O’Brien, FRGS
Mobilisation

Vanessa is the only woman to reach extremes on land (top of Mt. Everest), sea (bottom of the Mariana Trench) and air (space). Her unique understanding of the global effects of climate change along with her network position her to help resource GAPS’ expeditions, amplify results, and assist teams as needed.

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Robin Milner
Technical Lead

Robin was “in IT” when his work took him to Madrid in 2002. He’s still there 20 years later, although now teaches high-school math and physics. Robin is responsible for optimising the sampling kit and equipment.

The Expeditions

GAPS will need about 50 expeditions to get global coverage. Here are the first phase expeditions that have already provided samples.

GAPS PHASE I

Legend

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GAPS PHASE II

Phase II Revised

GAPS PHASE III

GAPS III

The Lab

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Dr. Dušan Materić, FRGS
Scientific Lead

GAPS’ scientific lead, Dr. Dušan Materić, FRGS is the Head of Microplastics at the Helmholtz Centre in Leipzig. has pioneered the technique for measuring plastic pollution in glacial snows. His laboratory is one of only a few in the world capable of measuring and categorising nano- plastic pollution.

Scientific Advisory Team

GAPS’ Scientific Advisory Team combines the knowledge of the chemistry of plastics, the physics of spectroscopy and the mathematics of atmospheric modelling. Together with Dr. Dušan Materić, this small team can dissect the results based on the glaciers we’re travelling on and the mountains we are climbing.

Nikolaos Evangeliou
Advisory

Senior Scientist at the NILU, an independent research laboratory working on air pollution, climate change and health, Dr. Evanegliou is a specialist in atmospheric dispersion modelling. Previous work has included the study of particulates from forest fires and radionuclides from the Chernobyl disaster.

Laura Revell
Advisory

Professor Revell is a world leader in the field of airborne microplastics. She works in environmental physics at the University of Canterbury, where she develops methods to measure their concentrations and models their impacts on climate.

Results & Media

Dr. Materic finds dominant polymer types including tire wear, polystyrene and polyethylene particles (41%, 28% and 12%, respectively) in the European Alps.

Nature-Mag

Mountaineers now scaling more peaks for first global study of nanoplastics, which can enter lungs and bloodstream.

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About Vanessa O’Brien

Vanessa O’Brien is a British female mountaineer and an American female mountaineer (as a result of her dual nationality), explorer, aquanaut, astronaut, author, and public speaker.

Her story of overcoming adversity and transformation unfolds in her book, To The Greatest Heights: Facing Danger, Finding Humility and Climbing A Mountain of Truth, Simon and Schuster (2021), described by many readers as one the most honest and riveting adventure autobiographies ever written.

Vanessa has an incredible six Guinness World Records: Only, First, Fastest, Deepest, Farthest and Oldest. Vanessa is the only woman to reach extremes on land, sea, and air (the Explorers' Extreme Trifecta) following her mission on Blue Origin's NS-22 to 107km. Vanessa was the first woman to reach earth’s highest and lowest points, (Mt. Everest 8,848m) and (Challenger Deep 10,925m), with the latter being deeper than Mt. Everest is tall. She is the fastest woman to climb the Seven Summits in 295 days, and the first person to reach nearest to and farthest from the earth's core (Challenger Deep and the summit of Chimborazo.)

Vanessa is the first woman to complete the Four Poles Challenge, going the farthest north * south * east * west from the top of Everest to the bottom of Challenger Deep to skiing the last degree to the geographic North and South Poles. She holds the record for the oldest woman to summit K2, the second tallest peak, at 52 years old.

Vanessa became the first American or British woman to successfully summit K2, receiving Explorer of the Year by the Scientific Exploration Society (SES) in 2018. She is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society and an Honorary Advisory Board member of the SES.

Vanessa summitted the highest peak on every continent, receiving a Guinness World Record for the fastest time a woman first achieved this goal (295 days.) Vanessa has skied the last 111 km to the north and south poles completing the Explorers Grand Slam in 11 months, the first woman to do so in under a year, and the 8th woman in the world. Vanessa ran the Boston Marathon in 2017, helping to raise money for the American Red Cross, has been shot testing bulletproof vests with a .38 long revolver at point blank range, and rode 200 mph with Mario Andretti at Indianapolis Motor Speedway.

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